-
Normal and defective colour vision,
chapter Representing an observer's matches in an alien color space.
Oxford University Press,
2003.
Keywords: color.
| Abstract: Courte réflexions sur les notions de Contant L-cone Excitation Plane, et Contant Rod Excitation solid. |
@InBook{knob_03,
ALTauthor = {Knoblauch, Kenneth},
ALTeditor = {Molon, J.D. and Pokorny, J. and Knoblauch, K.},
title = {Normal and defective colour vision},
chapter = {Representing an observer's matches in an alien color space},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
year = {2003},
abstract = {Courte réflexions sur les notions de Contant L-cone Excitation Plane, et Contant Rod Excitation solid.},
rating = {D},
keywords = {color}
}
-
Ned Block.
Oxford Companion to the Mind,
chapter Qualia.
2003.
| Abstract: Qualia include the ways things look, sound and smell, the way it feels to have a pain, and more generally, what it's like to have experiential mental states. ( Qualia is the plural of quale .) Qualia are experiential properties of sensations, feelings, perceptions and, more controversially, thoughts and desires as well. But, so defined, who could deny that qualia exist? |
| Comments: Le spectre inversé contre le fonctionnalisme. |
@InBook{bloc_03,
author = {Block, Ned},
editor = {R. Gregory},
title = {Oxford Companion to the Mind},
chapter = {Qualia},
publisher = {},
year = {2003},
abstract = {Qualia include the ways things look, sound and smell, the way it feels to have a pain, and more generally, what it's like to have experiential mental states. ( Qualia is the plural of quale .) Qualia are experiential properties of sensations, feelings, perceptions and, more controversially, thoughts and desires as well. But, so defined, who could deny that qualia exist?},
comments = {Le spectre inversé contre le fonctionnalisme.},
url = {http://www.nyu.edu/gsas/dept/philo/faculty/block/papers/qualiagregory.pdf},
keyworkds = {philosophy, functionalism, inverted spectrum},
rating = {C}
}
-
Michael Tye.
Qualia.
In Edward N. Zalta, editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
2003.
Keywords: philosophy,
qualia.
| Abstract: Feelings and experiences vary widely. For example, I run my fingers over sandpaper, smell a skunk, feel a sharp pain in my finger, seem to see bright purple, become extremely angry. In each of these cases, I am the subject of a mental state with a very distinctive subjective character. There is something it is like for me to undergo each state, some phenomenology that it has. Philosophers often use the term "qualia" (singular "quale") to refer to the introspectively accessible, phenomenal aspects of our mental lives. In this standard, broad sense of the term, it is difficult to deny that there are qualia. Disagreement typically centers on which mental states have qualia, whether qualia are intrinsic qualities of their bearers, and how qualia relate to the physical world both inside and outside the head. The status of qualia is hotly debated in philosophy largely because it is central to a proper understanding of the nature of consciousness. Qualia are at the very heart of the mind-body problem. |
@InCollection{tye_03,
author = {Michael Tye},
title = {Qualia},
booktitle = {The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy},
editor = {Edward N. Zalta},
year = {2003},
url = {http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qualia/},
abstract = {Feelings and experiences vary widely. For example, I run my fingers over sandpaper, smell a skunk, feel a sharp pain in my finger, seem to see bright purple, become extremely angry. In each of these cases, I am the subject of a mental state with a very distinctive subjective character. There is something it is like for me to undergo each state, some phenomenology that it has. Philosophers often use the term "qualia" (singular "quale") to refer to the introspectively accessible, phenomenal aspects of our mental lives. In this standard, broad sense of the term, it is difficult to deny that there are qualia. Disagreement typically centers on which mental states have qualia, whether qualia are intrinsic qualities of their bearers, and how qualia relate to the physical world both inside and outside the head. The status of qualia is hotly debated in philosophy largely because it is central to a proper understanding of the nature of consciousness. Qualia are at the very heart of the mind-body problem.},
keywords = {philosophy, qualia},
rating = {B}
}
-
Michael Tye.
Visual Qualia and Visual Content Revisited.
In David Chalmers, editor, OUP collection on the philosophy of mind.
2003.
Keywords: qualia,
perception,
philosophy of mind.
| Comments: Discussion sur les qualia et le représentationalisme."the fact that these experiences are similar shows nothing about the way in which their contents are encoded". Sa notion de "experience content" semble très proche de notre opposition code/information. Il considère par contre comme acquis que "les petits enfants voient comme nous"... |
@InCollection{tye_03,
author = {Tye, Michael},
title = {Visual Qualia and Visual Content Revisited},
booktitle = {OUP collection on the philosophy of mind},
year = {2003},
editor = {David Chalmers},
url = {http://sun.soci.niu.edu/~phildept/MT/Visual.pdf},
keywords = {qualia, perception, philosophy of mind},
comments = {Discussion sur les qualia et le représentationalisme."the fact that these experiences are similar shows nothing about the way in which their contents are encoded". Sa notion de "experience content" semble très proche de notre opposition code/information. Il considère par contre comme acquis que "les petits enfants voient comme nous"...},
rating = {C}
}
-
P. Bach-y-Rita.
Late post-acute neurologic rehabilitation: neuroscience, engineering and clinical programs.
Coulter paper,
2003.
Keywords: sensory substitution,
rehabilitation,
neuroscience.
| Abstract: This lecture highlights my career in rehabilitation research. My principal efforts in rehabilitation have been to study: (1) mechanisms of brain plasticity related to reorganization of the brain and recovery of function; (2) late postacute rehabilitation; (3) sensory substitution; and (4) rehabilitation engineering. A principal goal has been to aid in the development of a strong scientific base in rehabilitation. |
| Comments: Discours d'autosatisfaction de ByR. Exemples intéressants de plasticité neuronale. Importance des transmetteurs extracellulaires, en part. Volume Transmission, pour les tâches qui ne nécessite pas de rapidité et sont de longue durée (argument énérgétique). Quelques indications sur les expé de substitution sensorielle: importance de la compréhension de la méchanique du controle de la caméra, puis possibilité ensuite de modifier l'emplacement de la stimulation sans problème. Evocation d'un système de substitution vestibulaire, d'un futur système de substitution tactile. |
@Article{bach_03,
author = {Bach-y-Rita, P.},
title = {Late post-acute neurologic rehabilitation: neuroscience, engineering and clinical programs},
journal = {Coulter paper},
year = {2003},
volume = {},
pages = {},
abstract = {This lecture highlights my career in rehabilitation research. My principal efforts in rehabilitation have been to study: (1) mechanisms of brain plasticity related to reorganization of the brain and recovery of function; (2) late postacute rehabilitation; (3) sensory substitution; and (4) rehabilitation engineering. A principal goal has been to aid in the development of a strong scientific base in rehabilitation.},
comments = {Discours d'autosatisfaction de ByR. Exemples intéressants de plasticité neuronale. Importance des transmetteurs extracellulaires, en part. Volume Transmission, pour les tâches qui ne nécessite pas de rapidité et sont de longue durée (argument énérgétique). Quelques indications sur les expé de substitution sensorielle: importance de la compréhension de la méchanique du controle de la caméra, puis possibilité ensuite de modifier l'emplacement de la stimulation sans problème. Evocation d'un système de substitution vestibulaire, d'un futur système de substitution tactile.},
url = {http://www.wicab.com/paulspapers/Coulter.pdf},
keywords = {sensory substitution, rehabilitation, neuroscience},
rating = {C}
}
-
Paul Bach-y-Rita,
Mitchell E. Tyler,
and Kurt A. Kaczmarek.
Seeing with the brain.
Internation journal of human-computer interaction,
15(2):285-295,
2003.
Keywords: vision,
sensory substitution.
| Abstract: We see with the brain, not the eyes (Bach-y-Rita, 1972); images that pass through our pupils go no further than the retina. From there image information travels to the rest of the brain by means of coded pulse trains, and the brain, being highly plastic, can learn to interpret them in visual terms. Perceptual levels of the brain interpret the spatially encoded neural activity, modified and augmented by nonsynaptic and other brain plasticity mechanisms (Bach-y-Rita, 1972, 1995, 1999, in press). However, the cognitive value of that information is not merely a process of image analysis. Perception of the image relies on memory, learning, contextual interpretation (e.g., we perceive intent of the driver in the slight lateral movements of a car in front of us on the highway), cultural, and other social factors that are probably exclusively human characteristics that provide qualia (Bach-y-Rita, 1996b). This is the basis for our tactile vision substitution system (TVSS) studies that, starting in 1963, have demonstrated that visual information and the subjective qualities of seeing can be obtained tactually using sensory substitution systems. |
@Article{bach_tyle_03,
author = {Bach-y-Rita, Paul and Tyler, Mitchell E. and Kaczmarek, Kurt A.},
title = {Seeing with the brain},
journal = {Internation journal of human-computer interaction},
year = {2003},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
pages = {285-295},
rating = {C},
keywords = {vision, sensory substitution},
url = {http://www.leaonline.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1207/S15327590IJHC1502_6?cookieSet=1},
abstract = {We see with the brain, not the eyes (Bach-y-Rita, 1972); images that pass through our pupils go no further than the retina. From there image information travels to the rest of the brain by means of coded pulse trains, and the brain, being highly plastic, can learn to interpret them in visual terms. Perceptual levels of the brain interpret the spatially encoded neural activity, modified and augmented by nonsynaptic and other brain plasticity mechanisms (Bach-y-Rita, 1972, 1995, 1999, in press). However, the cognitive value of that information is not merely a process of image analysis. Perception of the image relies on memory, learning, contextual interpretation (e.g., we perceive intent of the driver in the slight lateral movements of a car in front of us on the highway), cultural, and other social factors that are probably exclusively human characteristics that provide qualia (Bach-y-Rita, 1996b). This is the basis for our tactile vision substitution system (TVSS) studies that, starting in 1963, have demonstrated that visual information and the subjective qualities of seeing can be obtained tactually using sensory substitution systems.}
}
-
Pierre-Louis Bazin and Mireille Boutin.
Structure from Motion: a new look from the point of view of invariant theory.
Technical Report,
2003.
Keywords: artificial vision,
Lie groups.
| Comments: Des refs sur groupes pour vision artificielle. Belle idée, exprimée moyennement clairement, mais problème traité proprement. 1. Les invariants d'un système projectif forment un groupe. 2. on détermine analytiquement les invariants de ce groupes (ie ce qu'on peut calculer à partir de la seule projection). 3. on peut ensuite déterminer la valeur de ces invariants pour différentes positions de la caméra (mvt qui ne fait pas partie du groupe, donc on trouve différentes orbites) 4. on cherche les arguments des invariants compatibles avec ces valeurs |
@Article{bazi_bout_03,
Author = {Bazin, Pierre-Louis and Boutin, Mireille},
Title = {Structure from Motion: a new look from the point of view of invariant theory},
Journal = {Technical Report},
Year = {2003},
comments = {Des refs sur groupes pour vision artificielle. Belle idée, exprimée moyennement clairement, mais problème traité proprement. 1. Les invariants d'un système projectif forment un groupe. 2. on détermine analytiquement les invariants de ce groupes (ie ce qu'on peut calculer à partir de la seule projection). 3. on peut ensuite déterminer la valeur de ces invariants pour différentes positions de la caméra (mvt qui ne fait pas partie du groupe, donc on trouve différentes orbites) 4. on cherche les arguments des invariants compatibles avec ces valeurs},
rating = {C},
url = {http://www.math.purdue.edu/~boutin/papers/motion.pdf},
keywords = {artificial vision, Lie groups}
}
-
Valerie Bonnardel and Francisco J. Varela.
Color vision in the comb frequency domain.
Biol. Res.,
36(1),
2003.
Keywords: color,
color constancy.
| Abstract: In 1982, Horace Barlow considered the question of human trichromacy in the context of information theory: according to the Sampling Theorem, three types of receptors covering the visible spectrum (400- -700 nm) might be sufficient to reconstruct the color signal. Although Barlow was led to reject the direct application of the Sampling Theorem to explain color dimensionality, the theoretical framework offers a fresh point of view for analyzing the color system in conjunction with the physical characteristics of natural color signals. This review aims to illustrate that if the strict mathematical reconstruction (as implied by the Sampling Theorem) is replaced by a pragmatic approximation of color signals, then trichromacy, with its subsequent opponent-color process, could be regarded as an optimization of color constancy abilities in the spectral environment of primates. Higher dimension systems (tetrachromacy) found in other species can also serve the purpose of color constancy optimization in environments where color signals exhibit a finer spectral structure. |
@Article{bonn_vare_03,
author = {Bonnardel, Valerie and Varela, Francisco J.},
title = {Color vision in the comb frequency domain},
journal = {Biol. Res.},
year = {2003},
volume = {36},
number = {1},
abstract = {In 1982, Horace Barlow considered the question of human trichromacy in the context of information theory: according to the Sampling Theorem, three types of receptors covering the visible spectrum (400- -700 nm) might be sufficient to reconstruct the color signal. Although Barlow was led to reject the direct application of the Sampling Theorem to explain color dimensionality, the theoretical framework offers a fresh point of view for analyzing the color system in conjunction with the physical characteristics of natural color signals. This review aims to illustrate that if the strict mathematical reconstruction (as implied by the Sampling Theorem) is replaced by a pragmatic approximation of color signals, then trichromacy, with its subsequent opponent-color process, could be regarded as an optimization of color constancy abilities in the spectral environment of primates. Higher dimension systems (tetrachromacy) found in other species can also serve the purpose of color constancy optimization in environments where color signals exhibit a finer spectral structure.},
url = {http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0716-97602003000100011&script=sci_arttext&tlng=en},
rating = {C},
keywords = {color, color constancy}
}
-
David H. Brainard.
Color Constancy.
The Visual Neurosciences,
2003.
Keywords: color,
neuroscience,
psychology.
| Comments: Tutorial des problèmes de constance de la couleur. Avec ce paradoxe récurrent: tout le monde est d'accord sur l'idée que la couleur dépend de la réflectance, mais tout le monde fait des expérience vis à vis de la lumière, parce qu'il est beaucoup plus facile de modifier cette dernière... |
@Article{brain_03,
author = {Brainard, David H.},
title = {Color Constancy},
journal = {The Visual Neurosciences},
year = {2003},
url = {http://color.psych.upenn.edu/brainard/papers/BrainardConstancy.pdf},
comments = {Tutorial des problèmes de constance de la couleur. Avec ce paradoxe récurrent: tout le monde est d'accord sur l'idée que la couleur dépend de la réflectance, mais tout le monde fait des expérience vis à vis de la lumière, parce qu'il est beaucoup plus facile de modifier cette dernière...},
keywords = {color, neuroscience, psychology},
rating = {C}
}
-
Alex Byrne and David R. Hilbert.
Color Realism and Color Science.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences,
(26),
2003.
Keywords: philosophy,
realism,
qualia,
color.
| Abstract: he target article is an attempt to make some progress on the problem of color realism. Are objects colored? And what is the nature of the color properties? We defend the view that physical objects (for instance, tomatoes, radishes, and rubies) are colored, and that colors are physical properties, specifically types of reflectance. This is probably a minority opinion, at least among color scientists. Textbooks frequently claim that physical objects are not colored, and that the colors are "subjective" or "in the mind." The article has two other purposes: first, to introduce an interdisciplinary audience to some distinctively philosophical tools that are useful in tackling the problem of color realism and, second, to clarify the various positions and central arguments in the debate. The first part explains the problem of color realism and makes some useful distinctions. These distinctions are then used to expose various confusions that often prevent people from seeing that the issues are genuine and difficult, and that the problem of color realism ought to be of interest to anyone working in the field of color science. The second part explains the various leading answers to the problem of color realism, and (briefly) argues that all views other than our own have serious difficulties or are unmotivated. The third part explains and motivates our own view, that colors are types of reflectances, and defends it against objections made in the recent literature that are often taken as fatal. |
@Article{byrn_hilb_03,
author = {Byrne, Alex and Hilbert, David R.},
title = {Color Realism and Color Science},
journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
number = {26},
year = {2003},
url = {http://web.mit.edu/abyrne/www/ColorRealism.html},
keywords = {philosophy, realism, qualia, color},
rating = {B},
abstract = {he target article is an attempt to make some progress on the problem of color realism. Are objects colored? And what is the nature of the color properties? We defend the view that physical objects (for instance, tomatoes, radishes, and rubies) are colored, and that colors are physical properties, specifically types of reflectance. This is probably a minority opinion, at least among color scientists. Textbooks frequently claim that physical objects are not colored, and that the colors are "subjective" or "in the mind." The article has two other purposes: first, to introduce an interdisciplinary audience to some distinctively philosophical tools that are useful in tackling the problem of color realism and, second, to clarify the various positions and central arguments in the debate. The first part explains the problem of color realism and makes some useful distinctions. These distinctions are then used to expose various confusions that often prevent people from seeing that the issues are genuine and difficult, and that the problem of color realism ought to be of interest to anyone working in the field of color science. The second part explains the various leading answers to the problem of color realism, and (briefly) argues that all views other than our own have serious difficulties or are unmotivated. The third part explains and motivates our own view, that colors are types of reflectances, and defends it against objections made in the recent literature that are often taken as fatal.}
}
-
Thomas Chen.
Critical manifolds and stability in hamiltonian systems with non-holonomic constraints.
arXiv,
2003.
Keywords: mathematics,
geometry,
hamiltonian systems,
motor control.
@Article{chen_03,
author = {Chen, Thomas},
title = {Critical manifolds and stability in hamiltonian systems with non-holonomic constraints},
journal = {arXiv},
year = {2003},
keywords = {mathematics, geometry, hamiltonian systems, motor control},
rating = {C},
url = {http://arxiv.org/pdf/math-ph/0302017.pdf?front}
}
-
Jonathan Cohen.
On The Structural Properties of the Colors.
Australasian Journal of Philosophy,
81(1),
2003.
Keywords: philosophy,
color,
realism.
| Abstract: Primary quality theories of color claim that colors are intrinsic, objective, mind-independent properties of external objects | that colors, like size and shape, are examples of the sort of properties moderns such as Boyle and Locke called primary qualities of body.1 Primary quality theories have long been seen as one of the main philosophical options for understanding the nature of color. However, a recent, empirically motivated argument seems to have convinced many that primary quality theories cannot be sustained. This argument, in outline, alleges that colors bear structural relations to each other that no primary qualities bear to each other, and therefore that colors cannot be primary qualities. This argument has received considerable philosophical attention in recent years, and appears to have convinced many to abandon primary quality theories of color.2 However, I believe the argument has been misunderstood. In this paper I shall examine arguments based on the structural properties of the colors in order to discern what they do and do not show about primary quality theories of color. |
| Comments: Idée: montrer qu'une structure sur les qualia et un mapping entre la réalité et les qualia implique l'existence a priori d'une structure dans la réalité. |
@Article{cohe_03,
author = {Cohen, Jonathan},
title = {On The Structural Properties of the Colors},
journal = {Australasian Journal of Philosophy},
volume = {81},
number = {1},
year = {2003},
abstract = {Primary quality theories of color claim that colors are intrinsic, objective, mind-independent properties of external objects | that colors, like size and shape, are examples of the sort of properties moderns such as Boyle and Locke called primary qualities of body.1 Primary quality theories have long been seen as one of the main philosophical options for understanding the nature of color. However, a recent, empirically motivated argument seems to have convinced many that primary quality theories cannot be sustained. This argument, in outline, alleges that colors bear structural relations to each other that no primary qualities bear to each other, and therefore that colors cannot be primary qualities. This argument has received considerable philosophical attention in recent years, and appears to have convinced many to abandon primary quality theories of color.2 However, I believe the argument has been misunderstood. In this paper I shall examine arguments based on the structural properties of the colors in order to discern what they do and do not show about primary quality theories of color.},
comments = {Idée: montrer qu'une structure sur les qualia et un mapping entre la réalité et les qualia implique l'existence a priori d'une structure dans la réalité.},
url = {http://aardvark.ucsd.edu/~joncohen/color/longstructure.pdf},
keywords = {philosophy, color, realism},
rating = {C}
}
-
Francis Crick and Christof Koch.
A framework for consciousness.
Nature Neuroscience,
6(2):119-126,
2003.
Keywords: neuroscience,
NCC,
vision,
awareness.
| Abstract: Here we summarize our present approach to the problem of consciousness. After an introduction outlining our general strategy, we describe what is meant by the term 'framework' and set it out under ten headings. This framework offers a coherent scheme for explaining the neural correlates of (visual) consciousness in terms of competing cellular assemblies. Most of the ideas we favor have been suggested before, but their combination is original. We also outline some general experimental approaches to the problem and, finally, acknowledge some relevant aspects of the brain that have been left out of the proposed framework. |
| Comments: L'un des papiers phare des adeptes des NCC |
@Article{cric_koch_03,
author = {Crick, Francis and Koch, Christof},
title = {A framework for consciousness},
journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
year = {2003},
volume = {6},
number = {2},
pages = {119-126},
url = {http://www.klab.caltech.edu/~koch/crick-koch-03.pdf},
abstract = {Here we summarize our present approach to the problem of consciousness. After an introduction outlining our general strategy, we describe what is meant by the term 'framework' and set it out under ten headings. This framework offers a coherent scheme for explaining the neural correlates of (visual) consciousness in terms of competing cellular assemblies. Most of the ideas we favor have been suggested before, but their combination is original. We also outline some general experimental approaches to the problem and, finally, acknowledge some relevant aspects of the brain that have been left out of the proposed framework.},
comments = {L'un des papiers phare des adeptes des NCC},
rating = {B},
keywords = {neuroscience, NCC, vision, awareness}
}
-
Jeffrey M. DiCarlo and Brian A. Wandell.
Spectral estimation theory: beyond linear but before Bayesian.
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A.,
20(7):1261-1270,
2003.
Keywords: dimension reduction.
| Abstract: Most color-acquisition devices capture spectral signals by acquiring only three samples, critically undersampling the spectral information. We analyze the problem of estimating high-dimensional spectral signals from low-dimensional device responses. We begin with the theory and geometry of linear estimation methods. These methods use linear models to characterize the likely input signals and reduce the number of estimation parameters. Next, we introduce two submanifold estimation methods. These methods are based on the observation that for many data sets the deviation between the signal and the linear estimate is systematic; the methods incorporate knowledge of these systematic deviations to improve upon linear estimation methods. We describe the geometric intuition of these methods and evaluate the submanifold method on hyperspectral image data. |
| Comments: Pb de la réduction de dimension dans le cas des spectres. gratuit. |
@Article{dica_wand_03,
author = {DiCarlo, Jeffrey M. and Wandell, Brian A.},
title = {Spectral estimation theory: beyond linear but before Bayesian},
journal = {J. Opt. Soc. Am. A.},
year = {2003},
volume = {20},
number = {7},
pages = {1261-1270},
url = {ftp://white.stanford.edu/users/brian/pdc/SpectralEstimation-JOSA-2003.pdf},
rating = {D},
keywords = {dimension reduction},
abstract = {Most color-acquisition devices capture spectral signals by acquiring only three samples, critically undersampling the spectral information. We analyze the problem of estimating high-dimensional spectral signals from low-dimensional device responses. We begin with the theory and geometry of linear estimation methods. These methods use linear models to characterize the likely input signals and reduce the number of estimation parameters. Next, we introduce two submanifold estimation methods. These methods are based on the observation that for many data sets the deviation between the signal and the linear estimate is systematic; the methods incorporate knowledge of these systematic deviations to improve upon linear estimation methods. We describe the geometric intuition of these methods and evaluate the submanifold method on hyperspectral image data.},
comments = {Pb de la réduction de dimension dans le cas des spectres. gratuit.}
}
-
Jacob Feldman.
What is a visual object ?.
TRENDS in Cognitive Sciences,
7(6):252-256,
2003.
Keywords: psychology,
vision,
objects,
constructivism.
| Abstract: The concept of an object plays a central role in cognitive science, particularly in vision, reasoning and conceptual development but it has rarely been given a concrete formal definition. Here I argue that visual objects cannot be defined according to simple physical properties but can instead be understood in terms of the hierarchical organization of visual scene interpretations. Within the tree describing such a hierarchical description, certain nodes make natural candidates as the joints between objects, representing division points between parts of the image that cohere internally but do not perceptually group with one another. Thus each subtree hanging from such a node corresponds to a single perceived object . This formal defi- nition accords with several intuitions about the way objects behave. |
| Comments: Les objets existent-il vraiment "pour de vrai", i.e. sans spectateur. Un objet serait définit par les sous-arbres indépendants (noeud in (collection,vide)) de l'organisation visuelle d'une scène. Très insuffisant. |
@Article{feld_03,
author = {Feldman, Jacob},
title = {What is a visual object ?},
journal = {{TRENDS} in Cognitive Sciences},
volume = {7},
number = {6},
year = {2003},
pages = {252-256},
url = {http://ruccs.rutgers.edu/~jacob/Papers/feldman_TICS.pdf},
abstract = {The concept of an object plays a central role in cognitive science, particularly in vision, reasoning and conceptual development but it has rarely been given a concrete formal definition. Here I argue that visual objects cannot be defined according to simple physical properties but can instead be understood in terms of the hierarchical organization of visual scene interpretations. Within the tree describing such a hierarchical description, certain nodes make natural candidates as the joints between objects, representing division points between parts of the image that cohere internally but do not perceptually group with one another. Thus each subtree hanging from such a node corresponds to a single perceived object . This formal defi- nition accords with several intuitions about the way objects behave.},
comments = {Les objets existent-il vraiment "pour de vrai", i.e. sans spectateur. Un objet serait définit par les sous-arbres indépendants (noeud in (collection,vide)) de l'organisation visuelle d'une scène. Très insuffisant. },
keywords = {psychology, vision, objects, constructivism},
rating = {D}
}
-
David H. Foster.
Does colour constancy exist?.
Trends in Cognitive Science,
7(10):439-443,
2003.
Keywords: color constancy,
review.
| Abstract: For a stable visual world, the colours of objects should appear the same under different lights. This property of colour constancy has been assumed to be fundamental to vision, and many experimental attempts have been made to quantify it. I contend here, however, that the usual methods of measurement are either too coarse or concentrate not on colour constancy itself, but on other, complementary aspects of scene perception. Whether colour constancy exists other than in nominal terms remains unclear. |
| Comments: une review des "preuves" de la constance des couleurs, suivie par une critique. pas très probant, dans un sens comme dans l'autre. |
@Article{fost_03,
author = {Foster, David H.},
title = {Does colour constancy exist?},
journal = {Trends in Cognitive Science},
year = {2003},
volume = {7},
number = {10},
pages = {439-443},
comments = {une review des "preuves" de la constance des couleurs, suivie par une critique. pas très probant, dans un sens comme dans l'autre.},
rating = {C},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364661303001980},
keywords = {color constancy, review},
abstract = {For a stable visual world, the colours of objects should appear the same under different lights. This property of colour constancy has been assumed to be fundamental to vision, and many experimental attempts have been made to quantify it. I contend here, however, that the usual methods of measurement are either too coarse or concentrate not on colour constancy itself, but on other, complementary aspects of scene perception. Whether colour constancy exists other than in nominal terms remains unclear. }
}
-
Karl R. Gegenfurtner.
Cortical mechanisms of colour vision.
Nature reviews,
4:563-572,
2003.
Keywords: color,
neuroscience,
review,
NCC.
| Abstract: The perception of colour is a central component of primate vision. Colour facilitates object perception and recognition, and has an important role in scene segmentation and visual memory. Moreover, it provides an aesthetic component to visual experiences that is fundamental to our perception of the world. Despite the long history of colour vision studies, much has still to be learned about the physiological basis of colour perception. Recent advances in our understanding of the early processing in the retina and thalamus have enabled us to take a fresh look at cortical processing of colour. These studies are beginning to indicate that colour is processed not in isolation, but together with information about luminance and visual form, by the same neural circuits, to achieve a unitary and robust representation of the visual world. |
| Comments: Review des méchanismes corticaux impliqués dans la perception de la couleur |
@Article{gege_03,
author = {Gegenfurtner, Karl R.},
title = {Cortical mechanisms of colour vision},
journal = {Nature reviews},
year = {2003},
volume = {4},
pages = {563-572},
abstract = {The perception of colour is a central component of primate vision. Colour facilitates object perception and recognition, and has an important role in scene segmentation and visual memory. Moreover, it provides an aesthetic component to visual experiences that is fundamental to our perception of the world. Despite the long history of colour vision studies, much has still to be learned about the physiological basis of colour perception. Recent advances in our understanding of the early processing in the retina and thalamus have enabled us to take a fresh look at cortical processing of colour. These studies are beginning to indicate that colour is processed not in isolation, but together with information about luminance and visual form, by the same neural circuits, to achieve a unitary and robust representation of the visual world.},
comments = {Review des méchanismes corticaux impliqués dans la perception de la couleur},
keywords = {color, neuroscience, review, NCC},
url = {http://www.allpsych.uni-giessen.de/karl/pdf/42.nrn.pdf},
rating = {B}
}
-
J.C. Gonzalez and P. Bach-y-Rita.
Perceptual adaptive recalibration: tactile sensory substitution in blind subjects.
Behavior and Philosophy,
2003.
| Comments: Mise en perspective des implications de la substitution sensorielle. L'étude de l'adaptation des sujets appuie l'idée que la perception est intimmenent liée à la direction de l'action, qu'il s'agit d'une fonction et pas d'un contenu. Remarque sur la capacité naturelle du cerveau à transporter l'apprentissage sensorielle (d'un oeil à un autre, par ex), remarque sur l'adaptation quasi instantannée du sujet à la substitution vestibulaire. |
@Article{gonz_bach_03,
author = {Gonzalez, J.C. and Bach-y-Rita, P.},
title = {Perceptual adaptive recalibration: tactile sensory substitution in blind subjects},
journal = {Behavior and Philosophy},
year = {2003},
volume = {},
pages = {},
comments = {Mise en perspective des implications de la substitution sensorielle. L'étude de l'adaptation des sujets appuie l'idée que la perception est intimmenent liée à la direction de l'action, qu'il s'agit d'une fonction et pas d'un contenu. Remarque sur la capacité naturelle du cerveau à transporter l'apprentissage sensorielle (d'un oeil à un autre, par ex), remarque sur l'adaptation quasi instantannée du sujet à la substitution vestibulaire.},
rating = {D}
}
-
Paul Kay and Terry Regier.
Resolving the question of color naming universals.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.,
100(15):9085-9,
2003.
Keywords: color,
color naming,
categorization.
| Abstract: The existence of cross-linguistic universals in color naming is currently contested. Early empirical studies, based principally on languages of industrialized societies, suggested that all languages may draw on a universally shared repertoire of color categories. Recent work, in contrast, based on languages from nonindustrialized societies, has suggested that color categories may not be universal. No comprehensive objective tests have yet been conducted to resolve this issue. We conduct such tests on color naming data from languages of both industrialized and nonindustrialized societies and show that strong universal tendencies in color naming exist across both sorts of language. |
@Article{kay_regi_03,
author = {Kay, Paul and Regier, Terry},
title = {Resolving the question of color naming universals},
journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. },
year = {2003},
volume = {100},
number = {15},
pages = {9085-9},
url = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/1532837100v1.pdf},
abstract = {The existence of cross-linguistic universals in color naming is currently contested. Early empirical studies, based principally on languages of industrialized societies, suggested that all languages may draw on a universally shared repertoire of color categories. Recent work, in contrast, based on languages from nonindustrialized societies, has suggested that color categories may not be universal. No comprehensive objective tests have yet been conducted to resolve this issue. We conduct such tests on color naming data from languages of both industrialized and nonindustrialized societies and show that strong universal tendencies in color naming exist across both sorts of language.},
keywords = {color, color naming, categorization},
rating = {C}
}
-
Gerald Kielau and Peter Maisser.
Nonholonomic multibody dynamics.
Multibody System Dynamics,
9:213-236,
2003.
Keywords: dynamical systems,
motor control,
multibody system.
| Abstract: The paper deals with the nonholonomic multibody system dynamics from a point of view which is caused by some actual applications in high-tec areas like high-speed train technology or biomechanics of some disciplines in high-performance sports. Obviously, looking at such problems, there are very close connections between classical analytical dynamics, differential geometry and modern control theory. But these connections cannot be used to get new composed results in solving complicated problems of multibody system dynamics because corresponding software tools are not enough in tune with each other. This paper will give some ideas for developing a unified basis for modeling, simulation and control of nonholonomic multibody systems. First, a derivative-free approach for generating Lagrangian motion equations of multibody systems with kinematical tree structure as well as for constrained multibody systems is given. This has been done by using differential-geometric concepts in a Riemannian space. Secondly, the well-known theorem of Frobenius is considered with respect to its classical interpretation by the so-called object of nonholonomy as well as by its modern interpretation in the nonlinear control theory using Lie-brackets. The ideas are illustrated by the classical rolling condition and edge condition on double-curved surfaces. Special numerical problems in simulation of multibody systems subject to additional kinematic constraints are discussed. Finally three applications are given. |
| Comments: intéressante attaque de la question des contraintes multiples. ardu, et quelques affirmations assez déroutantes. |
@Article{kiel_mais_03,
author = {Kielau, Gerald and Maisser, Peter},
title = {Nonholonomic multibody dynamics},
journal = {Multibody System Dynamics},
year = {2003},
volume = {9},
pages = {213-236},
comments = {intéressante attaque de la question des contraintes multiples. ardu, et quelques affirmations assez déroutantes.},
rating = {C},
url = {http://www.kluweronline.com/article.asp?PIPS=5091864&PDF=1},
abstract = {The paper deals with the nonholonomic multibody system dynamics from a point of view which is caused by some actual applications in high-tec areas like high-speed train technology or biomechanics of some disciplines in high-performance sports. Obviously, looking at such problems, there are very close connections between classical analytical dynamics, differential geometry and modern control theory. But these connections cannot be used to get new composed results in solving complicated problems of multibody system dynamics because corresponding software tools are not enough in tune with each other. This paper will give some ideas for developing a unified basis for modeling, simulation and control of nonholonomic multibody systems. First, a derivative-free approach for generating Lagrangian motion equations of multibody systems with kinematical tree structure as well as for constrained multibody systems is given. This has been done by using differential-geometric concepts in a Riemannian space. Secondly, the well-known theorem of Frobenius is considered with respect to its classical interpretation by the so-called object of nonholonomy as well as by its modern interpretation in the nonlinear control theory using Lie-brackets. The ideas are illustrated by the classical rolling condition and edge condition on double-curved surfaces. Special numerical problems in simulation of multibody systems subject to additional kinematic constraints are discussed. Finally three applications are given.},
keywords = {dynamical systems, motor control, multibody system}
}
-
Tai Sing Lee.
Computations in the early visual cortex.
Journal of Physiology,
2003.
Keywords: neuroscience,
vision.
| Abstract: This paper reviews some of the recent neurophysiological studies that explore the variety of visual computations in the early visual cortex in relation to geometric inference, i.e. the inference of contours, surfaces and shapes. It attempts to draw connections between ideas from computational vision and ndings from awake primate electrophysiology. In the classical feed-forward, modular view of visual processing, the early visual areas (LGN, V1 and V2) are modules that serve to extract local features, while higher extrastriate areas are responsible for shape inference and invariant object recognition. However, recent ndings in primate early visual systems reveal that the computations in the early visual cortex are rather complex and dynamic, as well as interactive and plastic, subject to in uence from global context, higher order perceptual inference, taskrequirement and behavioral experience. The evidence argues that the early visual cortex does not merely participate in the rst stage of visual processing, but is involved in many levels of visual computation. |
| Comments: Review des différents (supposés) calculs réalisés par le cortex visuel dans le cadre de l'inférence géométrique. Les premières aires visuelles (LGN, V1, V2) réaliseraient des traitements déjà très complexes, et pas de simples extractions de features : c'est l'hypothèse 'high-resolution buffer'. La decomposition fonctionnelle du système visuel donne qqchose du genre: extraction de contours, extraction de textures, saliency par couleur (...), forme à partir des ombres, surfaces, |
@Article{lee_03,
author = {Lee, Tai Sing},
title = {Computations in the early visual cortex},
journal = {Journal of Physiology},
year = {2003},
url = {http://www.cnbc.cmu.edu/~tai/papers/lee_phy_article.pdf},
abstract = {This paper reviews some of the recent neurophysiological studies that explore the variety of visual computations in the early visual cortex in relation to geometric inference, i.e. the inference of contours, surfaces and shapes. It attempts to draw connections between ideas from computational vision and ndings from awake primate electrophysiology. In the classical feed-forward, modular view of visual processing, the early visual areas (LGN, V1 and V2) are modules that serve to extract local features, while higher extrastriate areas are responsible for shape inference and invariant object recognition. However, recent ndings in primate early visual systems reveal that the computations in the early visual cortex are rather complex and dynamic, as well as interactive and plastic, subject to in uence from global context, higher order perceptual inference, taskrequirement and behavioral experience. The evidence argues that the early visual cortex does not merely participate in the rst stage of visual processing, but is involved in many levels of visual computation.},
comments = {Review des différents (supposés) calculs réalisés par le cortex visuel dans le cadre de l'inférence géométrique. Les premières aires visuelles (LGN, V1, V2) réaliseraient des traitements déjà très complexes, et pas de simples extractions de features : c'est l'hypothèse 'high-resolution buffer'. La decomposition fonctionnelle du système visuel donne qqchose du genre: extraction de contours, extraction de textures, saliency par couleur (...), forme à partir des ombres, surfaces, },
keywords = {neuroscience, vision},
rating = {C}
}
-
Donald I.A. MacLeod.
New dimension in color perception.
TRENDS in Cognitive Sciences,
7(3):97-99,
2003.
Keywords: color,
perception,
color constancy.
| Abstract: Colors are generally ordered in three dimensions, with hue and saturation as polar coordinates of a color circle, and brightness as the third dimension. Intuitively, lines of constant hue (but variable saturation) in such a color space should converge on an achromatic point devoid of hue. However, in new experiments by Ekroll et al. using colored patches in colored surrounds, constant hue lines converge not on 'gray' but on the surround color. This paradoxical observation suggests that the standard three-dimensional conception of perceived color is inadequate. |
| Comments: news & views sur un article de Ekroll |
@Article{macl_03,
author = {MacLeod, Donald I.A.},
title = {New dimension in color perception},
journal = {{TRENDS} in Cognitive Sciences},
year = {2003},
volume = {7},
number = {3},
pages = {97-99},
comments = {news & views sur un article de Ekroll},
rating = {C},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(03)00022-6},
keywords = {color, perception, color constancy},
abstract = {Colors are generally ordered in three dimensions, with hue and saturation as polar coordinates of a color circle, and brightness as the third dimension. Intuitively, lines of constant hue (but variable saturation) in such a color space should converge on an achromatic point devoid of hue. However, in new experiments by Ekroll et al. using colored patches in colored surrounds, constant hue lines converge not on 'gray' but on the surround color. This paradoxical observation suggests that the standard three-dimensional conception of perceived color is inadequate.}
}
-
P. Monnier and S. K. Shevell.
Large shifts in color appearance from patterned chromatic backgrounds.
Nature Neuroscience,
6(8):801-802,
august 2003.
Keywords: perception,
color,
neuroscience,
psychology.
@ARTICLE{monn_shev_03,
AUTHOR = {Monnier, P. and Shevell, S. K.},
TITLE = {Large shifts in color appearance from patterned chromatic backgrounds},
JOURNAL = {Nature Neuroscience},
YEAR = {2003},
month = {august},
volume = {6},
number = {8},
pages = {801-802},
rating = {C},
keywords = {perception, color, neuroscience, psychology},
url = {http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/neuro/journal/v6/n8/full/nn1099.html}
}
-
Rony Paz,
Thomas Boraud,
Chen Natan,
Hagai Bergman,
and Eilon Vaadia.
Preparatory activity in motor cortex reflects learning of local visuomotors skills.
Nature Neuroscience,
6(8):882-890,
2003.
Keywords: motor control,
NCC.
| Abstract: In humans, learning to produce correct visually guided movements to adapt to new sensorimotor conditions requires the formation of an internal model that represents the new transformation between visual input and the required motor command. When the new environment requires adaptation to directional errors, learning generalizes poorly to untrained locations and directions, indicating that such learning is local. Here we replicated these behavioral findings in rhesus monkeys using a visuomotor rotation task and simultaneously recorded neuronal activity. Specific changes in activity were observed only in a subpopulation of cells in the motor cortex with directional properties corresponding to the locally learned rotation. These changes adhered to the dynamics of behavior during learning and persisted between learning and relearning of the same rotation. These findings suggest a neural mechanism for the locality of newly acquired sensorimotor tasks and provide electrophysiological evidence for their retention in working memory. |
| Comments: Des singes à qui l'on demande d'apprendre une loi sensorimotrice modifiée (controle souris / mouvement pointeur) n'apprennent cette loi que localement (vis-à-vis de la position du pointeur). Par ailleurs, l'apprentissage est temporaire. |
@Article{paz_al_03,
author = {Paz, Rony and Boraud, Thomas and Natan, Chen and Bergman, Hagai and Vaadia, Eilon},
title = {Preparatory activity in motor cortex reflects learning of local visuomotors skills},
journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
year = {2003},
volume = {6},
number = {8},
pages = {882-890},
abstract = {In humans, learning to produce correct visually guided movements to adapt to new sensorimotor conditions requires the formation of an internal model that represents the new transformation between visual input and the required motor command. When the new environment requires adaptation to directional errors, learning generalizes poorly to untrained locations and directions, indicating that such learning is local. Here we replicated these behavioral findings in rhesus monkeys using a visuomotor rotation task and simultaneously recorded neuronal activity. Specific changes in activity were observed only in a subpopulation of cells in the motor cortex with directional properties corresponding to the locally learned rotation. These changes adhered to the dynamics of behavior during learning and persisted between learning and relearning of the same rotation. These findings suggest a neural mechanism for the locality of newly acquired sensorimotor tasks and provide electrophysiological evidence for their retention in working memory.},
comments = {Des singes à qui l'on demande d'apprendre une loi sensorimotrice modifiée (controle souris / mouvement pointeur) n'apprennent cette loi que localement (vis-à-vis de la position du pointeur). Par ailleurs, l'apprentissage est temporaire.},
rating = {B},
keywords = {motor control, NCC},
url = {http://alice.nc.huji.ac.il/icnc/files/pub/Vaadia_2003.pdf}
}
-
David Philipona,
J. Kevin O'Regan,
and Jean-Pierre Nadal.
Is there something out there ? Inferring space from sensorimotor dependencies.
Neural Computation,
15(9),
2003.
Keywords: sensorimotor.
| Abstract: This letter suggests that in biological organisms, the perceived structure of reality, in particular the notions of body, environment, space, object, and attribute, could be a consequence of an effort on the part of brains to account for the dependency between their inputs and their outputs in terms of a smallnumberof parameters.To validate this idea, a procedure is demonstrated whereby the brain of a (simulated) organism with arbitrary input and output connectivity can deduce the dimensionality of the rigid group of the space underlying its input-output relationship, that is, the dimension of what the organism will call physical space. |
@ARTICLE{phil_oreg_nada_03,
AUTHOR = {Philipona, David and O'Regan, J. Kevin and Nadal, Jean-Pierre},
TITLE = {Is there something out there ? {I}nferring space from sensorimotor dependencies},
JOURNAL = {Neural Computation},
YEAR = {2003},
number = {9},
volume = {15},
url = {http://nivea.psycho.univ-paris5.fr/Philipona/space.pdf},
keywords = {sensorimotor},
ratgin = {C},
comments = {de jeunesse...},
abstract = {This letter suggests that in biological organisms, the perceived structure of reality, in particular the notions of body, environment, space, object, and attribute, could be a consequence of an effort on the part of brains to account for the dependency between their inputs and their outputs in terms of a smallnumberof parameters.To validate this idea, a procedure is demonstrated whereby the brain of a (simulated) organism with arbitrary input and output connectivity can deduce the dimensionality of the rigid group of the space underlying its input-output relationship, that is, the dimension of what the organism will call physical space.}
}
-
Zenon Pylyshyn.
Return of the mental image: are there really pictures in the brain?.
TRENDS in cognitive science,
7(3):113-118,
2003.
Keywords: vision,
perception,
images.
| Abstract: In the past decade there has been renewed interest in the study of mental imagery. Emboldened by new findings from neuroscience, many people have revived the idea that mental imagery involves a special format of thought, one that is pictorial in nature. But the evidence and the arguments that exposed deep conceptual and empirical problems in the picture theory over the past 300 years have not gone away. I argue that the new evidence from neural imaging and clinical neuropsychology does little to justify this recidivism because it does not address the format of mental images. I also discuss some reasons why the picture theory is so resistant to counterarguments and suggest ways in which non-pictorial theories might account for the apparent spatial nature of images. |
| Comments: un débat surréaliste. avec une précision à peine croyable, Pylyshyn arrive à faire une critique propre de ce qui a si peu de sens qu'on ne voit pas comment l'aborder. |
@Article{pyly_03,
author = {Pylyshyn, Zenon},
title = {Return of the mental image: are there really pictures in the brain?},
journal = {TRENDS in cognitive science},
year = {2003},
volume = {7},
number = {3},
pages = {113-118},
comments = {un débat surréaliste. avec une précision à peine croyable, Pylyshyn arrive à faire une critique propre de ce qui a si peu de sens qu'on ne voit pas comment l'aborder.},
rating = {C},
url = {http://ruccs.rutgers.edu/faculty/pylyshyn/tics_imagery.pdf},
abstract = {In the past decade there has been renewed interest in the study of mental imagery. Emboldened by new findings from neuroscience, many people have revived the idea that mental imagery involves a special format of thought, one that is pictorial in nature. But the evidence and the arguments that exposed deep conceptual and empirical problems in the picture theory over the past 300 years have not gone away. I argue that the new evidence from neural imaging and clinical neuropsychology does little to justify this recidivism because it does not address the format of mental images. I also discuss some reasons why the picture theory is so resistant to counterarguments and suggest ways in which non-pictorial theories might account for the apparent spatial nature of images.},
keywords = {vision, perception, images}
}
-
T.A. Stoffregen and B.G. Bardy.
On specification and the senses.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences,
24(1),
2003.
Keywords: philosophy,
modalities.
| Abstract: In this target article we question the assumption that perception is divided into separate domains of vision, hearing, touch, taste, and smell. We review implications of this assumption for theories of perception, and for our understanding of ambient energy arrays (e.g., the optic and acoustic arrays) that are available to perceptual systems. We analyze three hypotheses about relations between ambient arrays and physical reality; (1) that there is an ambiguous relation between ambient energy arrays and physical reality; (2) that there is a unique relation between individual energy arrays and physical reality; (3) that there is a redundant but unambiguous relation, within or across arrays, between energy arrays and physical reality. This is followed by a review of the physics of motion, focusing on the existence and status of referents for physical motion. Our review indicates that it is not possible, in principle, for there to be a unique relation between physical motion and the structure of individual energy arrays. We argue that physical motion relative to different referents is specified only in the global array, which consists of higher-order relations across different forms of energy. The existence of specificity in the global array is consistent with the idea of direct perception, and so poses a challenge to traditional, inference-based theories of perception and cognition. However, it also presents a challenge to much work within the ecological approach to perception and action, which has accepted the assumption of separate senses. |
| Comments: Critique de trois approches des modalités sensorielles: la non-spécifications (différents aspects de la réalité qui influençent différents ensembles de capteurs, avec ambiguité dans les deux sens), la spécification modale (chaque aspect influence un ensemble spécifique de capteur, sans ambiguités), la spécification indépendante), et la spécification indépendante. Pas très clair de mon point de vue, mais quelques idées intéressantes. |
@Article{stof_bard_01,
author = {Stoffregen, T.A. and Bardy, B.G.},
title = {On specification and the senses},
journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
year = {2003},
url = {http://www.bbsonline.org/documents/a/00/00/04/75/},
abstract = {In this target article we question the assumption that perception is divided into separate domains of vision, hearing, touch, taste, and smell. We review implications of this assumption for theories of perception, and for our understanding of ambient energy arrays (e.g., the optic and acoustic arrays) that are available to perceptual systems. We analyze three hypotheses about relations between ambient arrays and physical reality; (1) that there is an ambiguous relation between ambient energy arrays and physical reality; (2) that there is a unique relation between individual energy arrays and physical reality; (3) that there is a redundant but unambiguous relation, within or across arrays, between energy arrays and physical reality. This is followed by a review of the physics of motion, focusing on the existence and status of referents for physical motion. Our review indicates that it is not possible, in principle, for there to be a unique relation between physical motion and the structure of individual energy arrays. We argue that physical motion relative to different referents is specified only in the global array, which consists of higher-order relations across different forms of energy. The existence of specificity in the global array is consistent with the idea of direct perception, and so poses a challenge to traditional, inference-based theories of perception and cognition. However, it also presents a challenge to much work within the ecological approach to perception and action, which has accepted the assumption of separate senses.},
comments = {Critique de trois approches des modalités sensorielles: la non-spécifications (différents aspects de la réalité qui influençent différents ensembles de capteurs, avec ambiguité dans les deux sens), la spécification modale (chaque aspect influence un ensemble spécifique de capteur, sans ambiguités), la spécification indépendante), et la spécification indépendante. Pas très clair de mon point de vue, mais quelques idées intéressantes.},
keywords = {philosophy, modalities},
rating = {C}
}
-
Marcin Szwed,
Knarik Bagdasarian,
and Ehud Ahissar.
Active encoding of vibrissal touch.
Neuron,
40:621-630,
2003.
Keywords: neuroscience,
sensorimotor,
active perception.
| Abstract: Mammals acquire much of their sensory information by actively moving their sensory organs. Yet, the principles of encoding by active sensing are not known. Here we investigated the encoding principles of active touch by rat whiskers (vibrissae). We induced artificial whisking in anesthetized rats and recorded from first-order neurons in the trigeminal ganglion. During active touch, first-order trigeminal neurons presented a rich repertoire of responses, which could not be inferred from their responses to passive deflection stimuli. Individual neurons encoded four specific events: whisking, contact with object, pressure against object, and detachment from object. Whisking-responsive neurons fired at specific deflection angles, reporting the actual whiskers' position with high precision. Touch-responsive neurons encoded the horizontal coordinate of objects' position by spike timing. These findings suggest two specific encoding-decoding schemes for horizontal object position in the vibrissal system. |
| Comments: Un exemple très concret d'alternative à la conception passive de la perception. Donne des idées sur la vision. |
@Article{szwe_bagd_ahis_03,
author = {Szwed, Marcin and Bagdasarian, Knarik and Ahissar, Ehud},
title = {Active encoding of vibrissal touch},
journal = {Neuron},
year = {2003},
volume = {40},
pages = {621-630},
keywords = {neuroscience, sensorimotor, active perception},
rating = {C},
comments = {Un exemple très concret d'alternative à la conception passive de la perception. Donne des idées sur la vision.},
abstract = {Mammals acquire much of their sensory information by actively moving their sensory organs. Yet, the principles of encoding by active sensing are not known. Here we investigated the encoding principles of active touch by rat whiskers (vibrissae). We induced artificial whisking in anesthetized rats and recorded from first-order neurons in the trigeminal ganglion. During active touch, first-order trigeminal neurons presented a rich repertoire of responses, which could not be inferred from their responses to passive deflection stimuli. Individual neurons encoded four specific events: whisking, contact with object, pressure against object, and detachment from object. Whisking-responsive neurons fired at specific deflection angles, reporting the actual whiskers' position with high precision. Touch-responsive neurons encoded the horizontal coordinate of objects' position by spike timing. These findings suggest two specific encoding-decoding schemes for horizontal object position in the vibrissal system. },
url = {http://www.weizmann.ac.il/neurobiology/labs/ahissar/fullPaper/Neu1003.htm}
}
-
Daniel M. Wegner.
The mind's best trick: how we experience conscious will.
TRENDS in Cognitive Sciences,
7(2):65-69,
2003.
Keywords: mind,
action,
consciousness,
philosophy.
| Abstract: We often experience consciously willing our actions. This experience is so profound that it tempts us to believe that our actions are caused by consciousness. It could also be a trick, however the mind s way of estimating its own apparent authorship by drawing causal inferences about relationships between thoughts and actions. Cognitive, social, and neuropsychological studies of apparent mental causation suggest that experiences of conscious will frequently depart from actual causal processes and so may not reflect direct perceptions of conscious thought causing action. |
| Comments: La conscience cause-t-elle l'action? L'argument est qu'il existe un process non conscient qui génère et les pensées et les actions, et que la volonté est un processus d'inférence "trompé" par la précédance, la consistance, et l'exclusivité des pensées sur les actions. |
@Article{wegn_03,
author = {Wegner, Daniel M.},
title = {The mind's best trick: how we experience conscious will},
journal = {{TRENDS} in Cognitive Sciences},
year = {2003},
volume = {7},
number = {2},
pages = {65-69},
abstract = {We often experience consciously willing our actions. This experience is so profound that it tempts us to believe that our actions are caused by consciousness. It could also be a trick, however the mind s way of estimating its own apparent authorship by drawing causal inferences about relationships between thoughts and actions. Cognitive, social, and neuropsychological studies of apparent mental causation suggest that experiences of conscious will frequently depart from actual causal processes and so may not reflect direct perceptions of conscious thought causing action.},
comments = {La conscience cause-t-elle l'action? L'argument est qu'il existe un process non conscient qui génère et les pensées et les actions, et que la volonté est un processus d'inférence "trompé" par la précédance, la consistance, et l'exclusivité des pensées sur les actions.},
url = {http://www.wjh.harvard.edu/~wegner/pdfs/trick.pdf},
rating = {B},
keywords = {mind, action, consciousness, philosophy}
}
-
Min Wei,
Gregory DeAngelis,
and Dora Angelaki.
Do visual cues contribute to the neural estimate of viewing distance used by the oculomotor system ?.
The Journal of Neuroscience,
23(23):8340-8350,
2003.
Keywords: vision,
depth perception.
| Abstract: Perceived shape and depth judgments that require knowledge of viewing distance are strongly influenced by both vergence angle and the pattern of vertical disparities across large visual fields. On the basis of this established contribution of visual cues to the neural estimate of viewing distance,wehypothesized that the oculomotor system would alsomakeuse of high-level visual cues to distance. To address this hypothesis, we investigated how compensatory eye movements during whole-body translation scale with viewing distance. Monkeys viewed large-field (85 68°) random-dot stereograms that were rear projected onto a fixed screen and simulated either a textured wall or pyramid at different viewing distances. In these stereograms, we independently manipulated vergence angle, horizontal and vertical disparity gradients, relative horizontal disparities, and textural cues to viewing distance. For comparison, random-dot patterns were also projected onto a moveable screen placed at different physical distances from the animal. Several cycles of left right sinusoidal motion of the monkey at 5Hz were interleaved with several cycles of motion in darkness, and the relationship between eye movement responses and viewing distance was quantified. As expected from previous work, the amplitude of compensatory eye movements depended strongly on vergence angle. Although visual cues to distance had a statistically significant effect on eye movements, these effects were 20-fold weaker than the effect of vergence angle.Weconclude that sensory and motor systems do not share a common neural estimate of viewing distance and that the oculomotor system relies far less on visual cues than the perceptual system. |
| Comments: L'article teste l'influence de la vision de haut-niveau sur la perception de la profondeur. Le résultat: effet important sur la perception (sic), effet faible sur l'appareil occulomoteur qui repose essentiellement sur la différence de vergence. |
@Article{weu_dean_ange_03,
author = {Wei, Min and DeAngelis, Gregory and Angelaki, Dora},
title = {Do visual cues contribute to the neural estimate of viewing distance used by the oculomotor system ?},
journal = {The Journal of Neuroscience},
year = {2003},
volume = {23},
number = {23},
pages = {8340-8350},
abstract = {Perceived shape and depth judgments that require knowledge of viewing distance are strongly influenced by both vergence angle and the pattern of vertical disparities across large visual fields. On the basis of this established contribution of visual cues to the neural estimate of viewing distance,wehypothesized that the oculomotor system would alsomakeuse of high-level visual cues to distance. To address this hypothesis, we investigated how compensatory eye movements during whole-body translation scale with viewing distance. Monkeys viewed large-field (85 68°) random-dot stereograms that were rear projected onto a fixed screen and simulated either a textured wall or pyramid at different viewing distances. In these stereograms, we independently manipulated vergence angle, horizontal and vertical disparity gradients, relative horizontal disparities, and textural cues to viewing distance. For comparison, random-dot patterns were also projected onto a moveable screen placed at different physical distances from the animal. Several cycles of left right sinusoidal motion of the monkey at 5Hz were interleaved with several cycles of motion in darkness, and the relationship between eye movement responses and viewing distance was quantified. As expected from previous work, the amplitude of compensatory eye movements depended strongly on vergence angle. Although visual cues to distance had a statistically significant effect on eye movements, these effects were 20-fold weaker than the effect of vergence angle.Weconclude that sensory and motor systems do not share a common neural estimate of viewing distance and that the oculomotor system relies far less on visual cues than the perceptual system.},
comments = {L'article teste l'influence de la vision de haut-niveau sur la perception de la profondeur. Le résultat: effet important sur la perception (sic), effet faible sur l'appareil occulomoteur qui repose essentiellement sur la différence de vergence.},
url = {http://cabernet.wustl.edu/pdf/Wei_DeAngelis_Angelaki_JN_09_03.pdf},
rating = {C},
keywords = {vision, depth perception}
}
-
Juyang Weng.
Developmental robots: theory and experiments.
International Journal of Humanoid Robotics,
2003.
Keywords: developmental robotics,
artificial intelligence.
| Comments: Une théorie du développement d'un agent robotique dans un cadre stochastique. Expérimental, malgré des annonces de théorèmes... Surtout: repose sur des hypothèses douteuses de ce que doit être l'objectif du développement, mais qui ont au moins l'avantage d'être exprimées clairement. |
@ARTICLE{weng_03,
AUTHOR = {Weng, Juyang},
TITLE = {Developmental robots: theory and experiments},
JOURNAL = {International Journal of Humanoid Robotics},
YEAR = {2003},
comments = {Une théorie du développement d'un agent robotique dans un cadre stochastique. Expérimental, malgré des annonces de théorèmes... Surtout: repose sur des hypothèses douteuses de ce que doit être l'objectif du développement, mais qui ont au moins l'avantage d'être exprimées clairement.},
rating = {D},
keywords = {developmental robotics, artificial intelligence}
}
-
Zhiyong Yang and Dale Purves.
A statistical explanation of visual space.
Nature neuroscience,
6(6):632-640,
2003.
Keywords: space.
| Abstract: The subjective visual space perceived by humans does not reflect a simple transformation of objective physical space; rather, perceived space has an idiosyncratic relationship with the real world. To date, there is no consensus about either the genesis of perceived visual space or the implications of its peculiar characteristics for visually guided behavior. Here we used laser range scanning to measure the actual distances from the image plane of all unoccluded points in a series of natural scenes. We then asked whether the differences between real and apparent distances could be explained by the statistical relationship of scene geometry and the observer. We were able to predict perceived distances in a variety of circumstances from the probability distribution of physical distances. This finding lends support to the idea that the characteristics of human visual space are determined probabilistically. |
| Comments: Le biais systématique observé dans la perception, dans des conditions ambigues, de la distance à un objet est explicable par un maximum de vraisemblance sur la probabilité des distances observées (sic). |
@ARTICLE{yang_purv_03,
AUTHOR = {Yang, Zhiyong and Purves, Dale},
TITLE = {A statistical explanation of visual space},
JOURNAL = {Nature neuroscience},
YEAR = {2003},
Volume = {6},
number = {6},
pages = {632-640},
abstract = {The subjective visual space perceived by humans does not reflect a simple transformation of objective physical space; rather, perceived space has an idiosyncratic relationship with the real world. To date, there is no consensus about either the genesis of perceived visual space or the implications of its peculiar characteristics for visually guided behavior. Here we used laser range scanning to measure the actual distances from the image plane of all unoccluded points in a series of natural scenes. We then asked whether the differences between real and apparent distances could be explained by the statistical relationship of scene geometry and the observer. We were able to predict perceived distances in a variety of circumstances from the probability distribution of physical distances. This finding lends support to the idea that the characteristics of human visual space are determined probabilistically.},
comments = {Le biais systématique observé dans la perception, dans des conditions ambigues, de la distance à un objet est explicable par un maximum de vraisemblance sur la probabilité des distances observées (sic).},
rating = {D},
keywords = {space}
}
-
J.J.A. van Boxtel,
M. Wexler,
and J. Droulez.
Perception of plane orientation from self-generated and passively observed optic flow.
Journal of Vision,
3(5):318-332,
2003.
Keywords: perception,
space,
optic flow,
action.
| Abstract: We investigated the perception of three-dimensional plane orientation focusing on the perception of tilt from optic flow generated by the observer s active movement around a simulated stationary object, and compared the performance to that of an immobile observer receiving a replay of the same optic flow. We found that perception of plane orientation is more precise in the active than in the immobile case. In particular, in the case of the immobile observer, the presence of shear in optic flow drastically diminishes the precision of tilt perception, whereas in the active observer, this decrease in performance is greatly reduced. The difference between active and immobile observers appears to be due to random rather than systematic errors. Furthermore, perceived slant is better correlated with simulated slant in the active observer. We conclude with a discussion of various theoretical explanations for our results. |
@Article{boxt_wexl_drou_03,
author = {van Boxtel, J.J.A. and Wexler, M. and Droulez, J.},
title = {Perception of plane orientation from self-generated and passively observed optic flow},
journal = {Journal of Vision},
year = {2003},
volume = {3},
number = {5},
pages = {318-332},
abstract = {We investigated the perception of three-dimensional plane orientation focusing on the perception of tilt from optic flow generated by the observer s active movement around a simulated stationary object, and compared the performance to that of an immobile observer receiving a replay of the same optic flow. We found that perception of plane orientation is more precise in the active than in the immobile case. In particular, in the case of the immobile observer, the presence of shear in optic flow drastically diminishes the precision of tilt perception, whereas in the active observer, this decrease in performance is greatly reduced. The difference between active and immobile observers appears to be due to random rather than systematic errors. Furthermore, perceived slant is better correlated with simulated slant in the active observer. We conclude with a discussion of various theoretical explanations for our results.},
url = {http://journalofvision.org/3/5/1/article.pdf},
abstract = {},
rating = {C},
keywords = {perception, space, optic flow, action}
}