-
David J. Chalmers.
Conscious Experience,
chapter Absent Qualia, Fading Qualia, Dancing Qualia.
Imprint Academic,
1995.
| Abstract: It is widely accepted that conscious experience has a physical basis. That is, the properties of experience (phenomenal properties, or qualia) systematically depend on physical properties according to some lawful relation. There are two key questions about this relation. The first concerns the strength of the laws: are they logically or metaphysically necessary, so that consciousness is nothing "over and above" the underlying physical process, or are they merely contingent laws like the law of gravity? This question about the strength of the psychophysical link is the basis for debates over physicalism and property dualism. The second question concerns the shape of the laws: precisely how do phenomenal properties depend on physical properties? What sort of physical properties enter into the laws' antecedents, for instance; consequently, what sort of physical systems can give rise to conscious experience? It is this second question that I address in this paper. |
| Comments: Défense de la qualia comme un principe d'invariance d'organisation fonctionnelle, selon deux arguments: la transformation continu d'un système biologique conscient en un système artificiel (fading qualia), avec l'existence d'un système intermédiaire dont Chalmers argue de l'impossibilité, et le passage alternatif d'une conscience entre deux qualia différentes (dancing qualia) sans altération fonctionnelle et behavioriste. |
@InBook{chal_95,
author = {Chalmers, David J.},
editor = {Thomas Metzinger},
title = {Conscious Experience},
chapter = {Absent Qualia, Fading Qualia, Dancing Qualia},
publisher = {Imprint Academic},
year = {1995},
abstract = {It is widely accepted that conscious experience has a physical basis. That is, the properties of experience (phenomenal properties, or qualia) systematically depend on physical properties according to some lawful relation. There are two key questions about this relation. The first concerns the strength of the laws: are they logically or metaphysically necessary, so that consciousness is nothing "over and above" the underlying physical process, or are they merely contingent laws like the law of gravity? This question about the strength of the psychophysical link is the basis for debates over physicalism and property dualism. The second question concerns the shape of the laws: precisely how do phenomenal properties depend on physical properties? What sort of physical properties enter into the laws' antecedents, for instance; consequently, what sort of physical systems can give rise to conscious experience? It is this second question that I address in this paper.},
comments = {Défense de la qualia comme un principe d'invariance d'organisation fonctionnelle, selon deux arguments: la transformation continu d'un système biologique conscient en un système artificiel (fading qualia), avec l'existence d'un système intermédiaire dont Chalmers argue de l'impossibilité, et le passage alternatif d'une conscience entre deux qualia différentes (dancing qualia) sans altération fonctionnelle et behavioriste.},
url = {http://www.u.arizona.edu/~chalmers/papers/qualia.html},
keyworkds = {philosophy, qualia, functionalism},
rating = {B}
}
-
Antony J. Bell and Terrence J. Sejnowski.
An information maximisation approach to blind separation and blind deconvolution.
Neural Computation,
7(6):1129-1159,
1995.
Keywords: statistics,
ICA,
information theory.
| Abstract: We derive a new self-organising learning algorithm which maximises the information transferred in a network of non-linear units. The algo- rithm does not assume any knowledge of the input distributions, and is de ned here for the zero-noise limit. Under these conditions, infor- mation maximisation has extra properties not found in the linear case (Linsker 1989). The non-linearities in the transfer function are able to pick up higher-order moments of the input distributions and perform something akin to true redundancy reduction between units in the out- put representation. This enables the network to separate statistically independent components in the inputs: a higher-order generalisation of Principal Components Analysis. We apply the network to the source separation (or cocktail party) problem, successfully separating unknown mixtures of up to ten speak- ers. We also show that a variant on the network architecture is able to perform blind deconvolution (cancellation of unknown echoes and reverberation in a speech signal). Finally, we derive dependencies of information transfer on time delays. We suggest that information max- imisation provides a unifying framework for problems in `blind' signal processing. |
@Article{bell_sejn_95,
author = {Bell, Antony J. and Sejnowski, Terrence J.},
title = {An information maximisation approach to blind separation and blind deconvolution},
journal = {Neural Computation},
year = {1995},
volume = {7},
number = {6},
pages = {1129-1159},
keywords = {statistics, ICA, information theory},
url = {http://www.csee.umbc.edu/~adali/courses/enee711infomax.pdf},
abstract = {We derive a new self-organising learning algorithm which maximises the information transferred in a network of non-linear units. The algo- rithm does not assume any knowledge of the input distributions, and is de ned here for the zero-noise limit. Under these conditions, infor- mation maximisation has extra properties not found in the linear case (Linsker 1989). The non-linearities in the transfer function are able to pick up higher-order moments of the input distributions and perform something akin to true redundancy reduction between units in the out- put representation. This enables the network to separate statistically independent components in the inputs: a higher-order generalisation of Principal Components Analysis. We apply the network to the source separation (or cocktail party) problem, successfully separating unknown mixtures of up to ten speak- ers. We also show that a variant on the network architecture is able to perform blind deconvolution (cancellation of unknown echoes and reverberation in a speech signal). Finally, we derive dependencies of information transfer on time delays. We suggest that information max- imisation provides a unifying framework for problems in `blind' signal processing.},
rating = {B}
}
-
Ned Block.
On a confusion about a function of cousciousness.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences,
18(2):227-287,
1995.
Keywords: attention,
awareness,
consciousness,
functionalism,
philosophy.
| Abstract: Consciousness is a mongrel concept: there are a number of very different "consciousnesses." Phenomenal consciousness is experience; the phenomenally conscious aspect of a state is what it is like to be in that state. The mark of access-consciousness, by contrast, is availability for use in reasoning and rationally guiding speech and action. These concepts are often partly or totally conflated, with bad results. This target article uses as an example a form of reasoning about a function of "consciousness" based on the phenomenon of blindsight. Some information about stimuli in the blind field is represented in the brains of blindsight patients, as shown by their correct "guesses," but they cannot harness this information in the service of action, and this is said to show that a function of phenomenal consciousness is somehow to enable information represented in the brain to guide action. But stimuli in the blind field are BOTH access-unconscious and phenomenally unconscious. The fallacy is: an obvious function of the machinery of access-consciousness is illicitly transferred to phenomenal consciousness. |
| Comments: Argument: différent concepts amalgamés dans la notion de conscience, résultant en des paradoxes. Blindsight indiquerait que la fonction de la conscience est de permettre à une certaine information d'être utilisée pour la déduction rationnelle. La prosopagnosia et la perception subliminale sont d'autres exemples. Distinction entre conscience phénoménale et conscience d'accès. |
@Article{bloc_95,
author = {Block, Ned},
title = {On a confusion about a function of cousciousness},
journal = {Behavioral and Brain Sciences},
year = {1995},
volume = {18},
number = {2},
pages = {227-287},
abstract = {Consciousness is a mongrel concept: there are a number of very different "consciousnesses." Phenomenal consciousness is experience; the phenomenally conscious aspect of a state is what it is like to be in that state. The mark of access-consciousness, by contrast, is availability for use in reasoning and rationally guiding speech and action. These concepts are often partly or totally conflated, with bad results. This target article uses as an example a form of reasoning about a function of "consciousness" based on the phenomenon of blindsight. Some information about stimuli in the blind field is represented in the brains of blindsight patients, as shown by their correct "guesses," but they cannot harness this information in the service of action, and this is said to show that a function of phenomenal consciousness is somehow to enable information represented in the brain to guide action. But stimuli in the blind field are BOTH access-unconscious and phenomenally unconscious. The fallacy is: an obvious function of the machinery of access-consciousness is illicitly transferred to phenomenal consciousness.},
comments = {Argument: différent concepts amalgamés dans la notion de conscience, résultant en des paradoxes. Blindsight indiquerait que la fonction de la conscience est de permettre à une certaine information d'être utilisée pour la déduction rationnelle. La prosopagnosia et la perception subliminale sont d'autres exemples. Distinction entre conscience phénoménale et conscience d'accès. },
url = {http://www.bbsonline.org/documents/a/00/00/04/31/bbs00000431-00/bbs.block.html},
keywords = {attention, awareness, consciousness, functionalism, philosophy},
rating = {B}
}
-
L. De Lathauwer,
B. De Moor,
and J. Vandewalle.
Fetal Electrocardiogram Extraction by Source Subspace Separation.
Proceedings IEEE SP/Athos Workshop on Higher-Order Statistics,
pp 134-138,
june 1995.
Keywords: ICA,
statistics,
BSS.
| Abstract: We propose the emerging technique of independent component analysis, also known as blind source separation, as an interesting tool for the extraction of the antepartum fetal electrocardiogram from multilead cutaneous potential recordings. The technique is illustrated by means of a real-life example. |
| Comments: BSSS is used here to extract the foetal electrocadiogram out of skin sensors sensitive to both foetal and mother signals. |
@Article{dela_94,
author = {De Lathauwer, L. and De Moor, B. and Vandewalle, J.},
title = {Fetal Electrocardiogram Extraction by Source Subspace Separation},
journal = {Proceedings IEEE SP/Athos Workshop on Higher-Order Statistics},
year = {1995},
pages = {134-138},
month = {june},
abstract = {We propose the emerging technique of independent component analysis, also known as blind source separation, as an interesting tool for the extraction of the antepartum fetal electrocardiogram from multilead cutaneous potential recordings. The technique is illustrated by means of a real-life example.},
comments = {BSSS is used here to extract the foetal electrocadiogram out of skin sensors sensitive to both foetal and mother signals.},
rating = {C},
url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/abs_free.jsp?arNumber=841326},
keywords = {ICA, statistics, BSS}
}
-
L. Van Gool,
T. Moons,
E. Pauwels,
and A. Oosterlinck.
Vision and Lie's approach to invariance.
Image and Vision Computing,
13(4):259-277,
May 1995.
Keywords: mathematics,
geometry,
ingeneering,
artificial vision,
Lie groups.
@Article{gool_95,
author = {Van Gool, L. and Moons, T. and Pauwels, E. and Oosterlinck, A.},
title = {Vision and {Lie}'s approach to invariance},
journal = {Image and Vision Computing},
volume = {13},
number = {4},
pages = {259-277},
month = {May},
year = {1995},
rating = {C},
keywords = {mathematics, geometry, ingeneering, artificial vision, Lie groups}
}
-
Shun-Ichi Amari,
A. Cichocki,
and H. H. Yang.
Recurrent Neural Networks for Blind Separation of Sources.
In International Symposium on Nonlinear Theory and its Application,
pages 37-42,
1995.
Keywords: ICA,
statistics,
neural networks.
| Comments: Authors derive (more precisely, pull out of the hat) a broad class of on-line algorithms for BSS. |
@inProceedings{amar_cich_yang_95,
author = {Amari, Shun-Ichi and Cichocki, A. and Yang, H. H.},
title = {Recurrent Neural Networks for Blind Separation of Sources},
booktitle = {International Symposium on Nonlinear Theory and its Application},
pages = {37-42},
institution = {University of Tokyo},
year = {1995},
comments = {Authors derive (more precisely, pull out of the hat) a broad class of on-line algorithms for BSS.},
keywords = {ICA, statistics, neural networks},
rating = {B}
}
-
Pierre Demartines and Jeanny Hérault.
CCA: Curvilinear Component Analysis.
In 15th workshop GRETSI,
1995.
Keywords: ingeneering,
dimension reduction.
@inProceedings{dema_hera_95,
author = {Demartines, Pierre and Hérault, Jeanny},
title = {CCA: Curvilinear Component Analysis},
booktitle = {15th workshop GRETSI},
year = {1995},
url = {http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/~demartin/papers/demartines.gretsi95.ps.Z},
keywords = {ingeneering, dimension reduction},
rating = {C}
}